Sowing, harvesting and reusing water for sustainability strategies. Project Code: PG13-PY24-07

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Updated: 15/12/2025
Sowing, harvesting and reusing water for sustainability strategies. Project Code: PG13-PY24-07

Project Overview

This demosite focuses on the sustainable management of the Manglaralto river basin. It uses a technical-artisanal dam for aquifer recharge and green filters for wastewater treatment to improve water security in a semi-arid coastal region. | The project utilizes the intermittent Manglaralto River, employing an artisanal dam ("tape") to slow flow, enhance infiltration into the riverbed, and recharge the underlying coastal aquifer. | The site addresses saline intrusion into the coastal aquifer. Interventions like the recharge dam help maintain freshwater levels, protecting adjacent coastal ecosystems from contamination and supporting local biodiversity.

Conserve Process YES
Enhance Process YES
Apply Complementary YES

Ecosystem Services

Provisioning

  • Provisioning Services are ecosystem services that describe the material or energy outputs from ecosystems. They include food, water and other resources.
  • Fresh water: Ecosystems play a vital role in the global hydrological cycle, as they regulate the flow and purification of water. Vegetation and forests influence the quantity of water available locally.

Regulating

  • Regulating Services are the services that ecosystems provide by acting as regulators eg. regulating the quality of air and soil or by providing flood and disease control.
  • Waste-water treatment: Ecosystems such as wetlands filter both human and animal waste and act as a natural buffer to the surrounding environment. Through the biological activity of microorganisms in the soil, most waste is broken down. Thereby pathogens (disease causing microbes) are eliminated, and the level of nutrients and pollution is reduced.

Habitat / Supporting

  • Ecosystem services "that are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services". These include services such as nutrient recycling, primary production and soil formation.
  • Habitats for species: Habitats provide everything that an individual plant or animal needs to survive: food; water; and shelter. Each ecosystem provides different habitats that can be essential for a species’ lifecycle. Migratory species including birds, fish, mammals and insects all depend upon different ecosystems during their movements.

Cultural

  • Cultural Services corresponds nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, reflection, recreation, and aesthetic experiences.

Major Issues

No issues provided.

EH Engineering Solutions

Water retention and infiltration systems: The technical-artisanal

Water retention and infiltration systems: The technical-artisanal dam was built using local materials, such as gravel and sand, with a concrete cover designed to retain water during the rainy season and improve infiltration and aquifer recharge.

The green filter uses plants (in this

The green filter uses plants (in this case, Guadua angustifolia) to remove nutrients and contaminants from wastewater. This process is a clear example of phytoremediation, a form of phytotechnology where plants absorb, accumulate, and degrade pollutants in water, soil, or air. The ability of Guadua angustifolia to assimilate nutrients and has an average removal of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) of 87.11%, while the removal of coliforms is 87.23%, at a depth of 90 cm. demonstrates.

The dam's design with a 4:1 (gentle)

The dam's design with a 4:1 (gentle) slope disperses the energy of the water, allowing the reduction of erosion, favouring the infiltration of water in the coastal aquifer and the existence of a transition zone for the development of habitats rich in biodiversity.

Project Activities

  • The main activities include monthly monitoring of groundwater quantity and quality, maintenance of the recharge dam, and community capacity-building workshops.
  • Pilot projects for green filters treat wastewater, while reforestation with guadua cane stabilizes riverbanks. Future activities involve periodic biodiversity monitoring and educational programs with local schools and universities to promote sustainable water management.

Expected Outcomes

The main expected outcomes are ensuring a sustainable year-round freshwater supply for local communities, improving water quality, increasing biodiversity, enhancing resilience to climate change and saline intrusion, and fostering strong community participation in environmental management and education.

Latest Results

The aquifer recharge system now supplies ~20,000 people. Green filters remove 80-90% of BOD5 and coliforms. | Fifteen wells were established, with 14 active. Sensors monitor six wells, and the site is featured in international publications (e.g., doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2024.102599).

Social-Ecological System

Integrated view of principles, objectives, stakeholders and methodology.

Ecohydrology Principles and Solutions

Hydrological Quantification
  • Quantification of the hydrological processes at catchment scale and mapping the impacts | Distribution of ecosystems and their relevant processes (ex: metabolism=water and nutrient uptake and retention; biomass production) | Ecological engineering (integration, dual regulation and biotechnologies in catchment scale for enhancement of ecological potential)
Ecological Identification
Ecological Engineering & Nature-based Solutions
  • Water retention and infiltration systems: The technical-artisanal dam was built using local materials, such as gravel and sand, with a concrete cover designed to retain water during the rainy season and improve infiltration and aquifer recharge. | The green filter uses plants (in this case, Guadua angustifolia) to remove nutrients and contaminants from wastewater. This process is a clear example of phytoremediation, a form of phytotechnology where plants absorb, accumulate, and degrade pollutants in water, soil, or air. The ability of Guadua angustifolia to assimilate nutrients and has an average removal of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) of 87.11%, while the removal of coliforms is 87.23%, at a depth of 90 cm. demonstrates. | The dam's design with a 4:1 (gentle) slope disperses the energy of the water, allowing the reduction of erosion, favouring the infiltration of water in the coastal aquifer and the existence of a transition zone for the development of habitats rich in biodiversity.

Objectives

EH Objectives
Water 5/5
Biodiversity 4/5
Services 4/5
Resilience 5/5
Cultural Heritage 0/5
Project Objectives
  • To enhance water security and ecosystem resilience by recharging the coastal aquifer, treating wastewater, and fostering community-led sustainable water management in a semi-arid region.

Key Stakeholders

Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL) Junta Administradora de Agua Potable Regional Manglaralto (JAAPMAN) Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena (UPSE) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (CSIC-IGME) U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Ministerio del Ambiente, Agua y Transición Ecológica (MAATE) Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Parroquial Rural Manglaralto Prefectura de Santa Elena Consorcio CAMAREN Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Local Communities (e.g., Manglaralto, Montañita) Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (CYTED)

Methodology

  • The methodology integrates a technical-artisanal dam for aquifer recharge ("sowing water") with green filters for wastewater treatment, applying dual regulation to enhance water security and ecosystem resilience.