ECOHYDROLOGY SYSTEMIC SOLUTION FOR RESTORATION OF THE BURKITU RESERVOIR AS AN ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLY SOURCE FOR THE ASELLA CITY POPULATION (ETHIOPIA)

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Updated: 15/12/2025
ECOHYDROLOGY SYSTEMIC SOLUTION FOR RESTORATION OF THE BURKITU RESERVOIR AS AN ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLY SOURCE FOR THE ASELLA CITY POPULATION (ETHIOPIA)

Project Overview

Located in Oromia Regional State, inside the Ashebeka river basin in Ethiopia. The Asella town is situated 175 km south-east of Addis Ababa on a sloping plateau between Mt. Chilalo and the Rift Valley escarpment. | The Asella Lake’s (or Burkitu Reservoir with earth fill dam gross capacity of 250,000 m3) usage has been abandoned since it caused disease among the people from its high rate of dioxin pollution (fig.1). | This project is in cooperation with MoWIE (Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy of Ethiopia).

Conserve Process NO
Enhance Process NO
Apply Complementary YES

Ecosystem Services

Provisioning

  • Provisioning Services are ecosystem services that describe the material or energy outputs from ecosystems. They include food, water and other resources.
  • Food: Ecosystems provide the conditions for growing food. Food comes principally from managed agro-ecosystems but marine and freshwater systems or forests also provide food for human consumption. Wild foods from forests are often underestimated.
  • Fresh water: Ecosystems play a vital role in the global hydrological cycle, as they regulate the flow and purification of water. Vegetation and forests influence the quantity of water available locally.

Regulating

  • Regulating Services are the services that ecosystems provide by acting as regulators eg. regulating the quality of air and soil or by providing flood and disease control.
  • Local climate and air quality: Trees provide shade whilst forests influence rainfall and water availability both locally and regionally. Trees or other plants also play an important role in regulating air quality by removing pollutants from the atmosphere.

Habitat / Supporting

  • Ecosystem services "that are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services". These include services such as nutrient recycling, primary production and soil formation.

Cultural

  • Cultural Services corresponds nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment, cognitive development, reflection, recreation, and aesthetic experiences.
  • Recreation and mental and physical health: Walking and playing sports in green space is not only a good form of physical exercise but also lets people relax. The role that green space plays in maintaining mental and physical health is increasingly being recognized, despite difficulties of measurement.
  • Aesthetic appreciation and inspiration for culture, art and design: Language, knowledge and the natural environment have been intimately related throughout human history. Biodiversity, ecosystems and natural landscapes have been the source of inspiration for much of our art, culture and increasingly for science.

Major Issues

Dioxin-induced toxicity in Asella Lake and inside

Dioxin-induced toxicity in Asella Lake and inside the sediment

High siltation of Asella Lake

High siltation of Asella Lake

Land erosion due to agricultural activities

Land erosion due to agricultural activities

EH Engineering Solutions

Restitution of eroded soils through the application

Restitution of eroded soils through the application of biodegradable geofibers on the stream banks and phytoremediation.

Construction of an infiltration dam called the

Construction of an infiltration dam called the Asella Sequentional Biofiltering System (ASBS) in 2010 to absorb micropollutants and nutrients and to convert them into less toxic forms.

Project Activities

  • Elimination of health risks due to dioxin-induced toxicity
  • Reduction of land degradation and water ecosystems’ siltation (fig.2)
  • Involvement of local societies in sustainable development plans

Expected Outcomes

Reduction of dioxin-induced toxicity in Asella BioFarm Park Lake (figs.1&2)

Latest Results

After the sediment removal from the sedimentation chamber (ASBS), total phosphorus was reduced by 93%, total nitrogen by 73%, organic matter by 36% and mineral matter by 67% (Y. Z. Negussie et al, 2012).

Social-Ecological System

Integrated view of principles, objectives, stakeholders and methodology.

Ecohydrology Principles and Solutions

Hydrological Quantification
  • Distribution of ecosystems and their relevant processes (ex: metabolism=water and nutrient uptake and retention; biomass production) | Ecological engineering (integration, dual regulation and biotechnologies in catchment scale for enhancement of ecological potential)
Ecological Identification
Ecological Engineering & Nature-based Solutions
  • Restitution of eroded soils through the application of biodegradable geofibers on the stream banks and phytoremediation. | Construction of an infiltration dam called the Asella Sequentional Biofiltering System (ASBS) in 2010 to absorb micropollutants and nutrients and to convert them into less toxic forms.

Objectives

EH Objectives
Water 5/5
Biodiversity 1/5
Services 3/5
Resilience 2/5
Cultural Heritage 0/5
Project Objectives
  • Restore the Burkitu reservoir water quality based on ecohydrological systemic solution for the use of water supply for Asella town Upgrade the Burkitu reservoir capacities to provide recreational and aesthetic value for cultural ecosystem services Promote and implement aquaculture and capture fisheries to provide provisioning ecosystem services by applying reduction of pollutant entering into the lake Rehabilitation of degraded lands around the lake using biodegradable geotextile

Key Stakeholders

Researchers (ERCE, Polish Academy of Sciences) Ministry of Water, Irrigation & Energy Asella city Council YEHA Institute Farmer’s Academy Polish development cooperation programme Asella town habitat and the vicinity

Methodology

  • Quantification of the hydrological process (runoff & sediment inputs to the lake)
  • Identification and - prioritization of major problems
  • Collection of water & sediment samples (Physiochemical analysis of water sample & Measurement of sedimentation rate)